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Publication Restricted Molecular Structure, Vibrational Spectra, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Study of Cellulose Triacetate II(Pleiades Publishing Inc., 2020) Çelik, Sefa; Demirağ, A. Demet; Özel, Ayşen E.; AKYÜZ, SEVİMPeople have started to look for alternative sources because of the health problems created by petrochemical products used in all areas of human life and environmental problems that remain intact in nature for years. In this study, molecular structure analysis of cellulose triacetate II (CTA II) molecule, obtained from cellulose II and acetate, was carried out. There is an important relationship between the structure and activity of molecules, so it is very important to determine the geometric structure of a molecule. Therefore, using density functional theory (DFT) the most stable molecular geometries of the cellulose triacetate II monomer (C12H18O9) as well as dimer (C24H36O18), which included intermolecular H-bonding, were calculated. The analogous calculations were carried out for the (CTA-II)(2)nano-cluster (C24H34O17), which represents the local structure of CTA-II crystal, and created by binding the two most stable CTA II molecules by covalent bond. Scaled wavenumbers and potential energy distribution of the vibrational modes of CTA monomer and (CTA-II)(2)nano-cluster were computed. In order to evaluate the interaction of CTA II with theAspergillus nigercellulase enzyme,which is an important that is active in cellulose digestion and CTA II, molecular docking studies were carried out. H-binding interactions between CTA II (in monomeric, dimeric, and cluster forms) and the active site of theAspergillus nigercellulase enzyme were shown. Moreover, in silico ADMET prediction study was calculated for CTA-II monomer to predict its druglikeness properties.Publication Restricted Molecular Modeling, DFT Quantum Chemical Analysis, and Molecular Docking on Edotecarin, an Indolocarbazole Anticancer Agent(Taylor & Francis Ltd., 2022) Çelik, Sefa; AKYÜZ, SEVİM; Özel, Ayşen E.Edotecarin is an indolocarbazole class antitumor agent that has significant anticancer effects against various types of cancer, especially lung, breast, and stomach cancer.The conformation analysis of the edotecarin was performed using the PM3 method and six stable conformations were obtained.Afterwards the obtained lowest energy conformation was optimized at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory. The vibrational wavenumbers, the highest occupied molecular orbital, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and molecular electrostatic potential of the most stable conformer of edotecarin were calculated at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory.The molecular docking of the edotecarin molecule against DNA, Topoisomerase I, DNA-Topoisomerase I complex,alpha(5)beta(1) and alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrins were performed to reveal its binding modes and binding affinities.Publication Restricted Molecular Structure, Molecular Docking and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity study of Cellulose II(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2021) Çelik, Sefa; Demirağ, Aliye Demet; Özel, E. Ayşen; AKYÜZ, SEVİMCellulose is a renewable biopolymer which is the most abundant in nature, formed by binding of glucose units with beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cellulose is divided into two groups as bacterial cellulose (BC) and vegetable cellulose. This study reports the interaction mechanism of Cellulose II, which is a BC, with the cellulase enzymes, determined by molecular docking method based on key-lock theory. The most stable molecular geometry of the Cellulose II molecule was determined by density functional theory using Gaussian 09 program. The scaled vibration frequencies of optimized geometry were calculated by using Molvib program. Molecular electrostatic potential and frontier molecular orbital analyses were performed. Molecular interactions between cellulose II and endoglucanase, exogluconase and beta-glucosidase II have been determined. Moreover, the drug likeness and ADMET properties of cellulose II were analyzed for the prediction of pharmacokinetic profiles.Publication Open Access Interactions Mechanism of Commonly Used Drugs for the Treatment of COVID-19(Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 2020) Çelik, Sefa; Demirağ, A. Demet; Özel, Ayşen E.; AKYÜZ, SEVİMIn this study conformation analysis of seven drugs commonly used in the treatment of COVID-19 was performed. The most stable conformers of the drug molecules were used as initial data for docking analysis. Using the Cavityplus program, the probable most active binding sites of both apo and holo forms of COVID-19 main protease enzyme (M-P(ro)) and spike glycoprotein of SARSCoV-2 receptors were determined. The interaction mechanisms of the 7 FDA approved drugs (arbidol, colchicine, dexamethasone, favipiravir, galidesivir, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir) were examined using the AutoDock Vina program. The six of the seven drugs were found to be more stable in binding to apo form of COVID-19 M-P(ro) and spike glycoprotein. Moreover, a set of molecular mechanics (MM) Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) surface area (SA) calculations on the investigated drugs-protein systems were performed and the estimated binding free energy of remdesivir and the apo form of MP' system was found to be the best. The interaction results of FDA drugs with the apo form of COVID-19 M-P(ro) and spike glycoprotein can play an important role for the treatment of COVID-19.Publication Embargo Excitation energy-dependent nature of Raman scattering spectrum in GaInNAs/GaAs quantum well structures(Springer, 233 Spring St, New York, Ny 10013 Usa, 2012-11-28) Erol, Ayşe; Akalın, Elif; Sarcan, Fahrettin; Dönmez, Ömer; Arıkan, Mehmet Çetin; Puustinen, Janne; Guina, Mircea; AKYÜZ, SEVİM; TR54563; TR1362; TR108291; TR46357; TR150431; TR10127The excitation energy-dependent nature of Raman scattering spectrum, vibration, electronic or both, has been studied using different excitation sources on as-grown and annealed n- and p-type modulation-doped Ga1 -aEuro parts per thousand x In (x) N (y) As1 -aEuro parts per thousand y /GaAs quantum well structures. The samples were grown by molecular beam technique with different N concentrations (y = 0%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.7%) at the same In concentration of 32%. Micro-Raman measurements have been carried out using 532 and 758 nm lines of diode lasers, and the 1064 nm line of the Nd-YAG laser has been used for Fourier transform-Raman scattering measurements. Raman scattering measurements with different excitation sources have revealed that the excitation energy is the decisive mechanism on the nature of the Raman scattering spectrum. When the excitation energy is close to the electronic band gap energy of any constituent semiconductor materials in the sample, electronic transition dominates the spectrum, leading to a very broad peak. In the condition that the excitation energy is much higher than the band gap energy, only vibrational modes contribute to the Raman scattering spectrum of the samples. Line shapes of the Raman scattering spectrum with the 785 and 1064 nm lines of lasers have been observed to be very broad peaks, whose absolute peak energy values are in good agreement with the ones obtained from photoluminescence measurements. On the other hand, Raman scattering spectrum with the 532 nm line has exhibited only vibrational modes. As a complementary tool of Raman scattering measurements with the excitation source of 532 nm, which shows weak vibrational transitions, attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy has been also carried out. The results exhibited that the nature of the Raman scattering spectrum is strongly excitation energy-dependent, and with suitable excitation energy, electronic and/or vibrational transitions can be investigated.Publication Restricted Shedding Light Into the Biological Activity of Aminopterin, Via Molecular Structural, Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Analyses(Taylor & Francis Inc., 2023) Çelik, Sefa; YILMAZ, GÖZDE; AKYÜZ, SEVİM; Özel, Ayşen E.In this study, the structural and anticancer properties of aminopterin, as well as its antiviral characteristics, were elucidated. The preferred conformations of the title molecule were investigated with semiempirical AM1 method, and the obtained the lowest energy conformer was then optimized by using density functional (DFT/B3LYP) method with 6-311++G(d,p) as basis set. The vibrational frequencies of the optimized structure were calculated by the same level of theory and were compared with the experimental values. The vibrational assignments were performed based on the computed potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO, LUMO) analyses were carried out for the optimized structure and the chemical reactivity has been scrutinized. To enlighten the biological activity of aminopterin as anticancer and anti-COVID-19 agents, aminopterin was docked into DNA, & alpha;(IIB)& beta;(3) and & alpha;(5)& beta;(1)integrins, human dihydrofolate reductase, main protease (M-pro) of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 complex receptor. The binding mechanisms of aminopterin with the receptors were clarified. The molecular docking results revealed the strong interaction of the aminopterin with DNA (-8.2 kcal/mol), & alpha;(IIB)& beta;(3) and & alpha;(5)& beta;(1) integrins (-9.0 and -10.8 kcal/mol, respectively), human dihydrofolate reductase (-9.7 kcal/mol), M-pro of SARS-CoV-2 (-6.7 kcal/mol), and SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 complex receptor (-8.1 kcal/mol). Moreover, after molecular docking calculations, top-scoring ligand-receptor complexes of the aminopterin with SARS-CoV-2 enzymes (6M03 and 6M0J) were subjected to 50 ns all-atom MD simulations to investigate the ligand-receptor interactions in more detail, and to determine the binding free energies accurately. The predicted results indicate that the aminopterin may significantly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, in this study, as both anticancer and anti-COVID-19 agents, the versatility of the biological activity of aminopterin was shown.Publication Restricted The Effects of Conformation and Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding on the Structure and IR Spectra of Flutamide; A Study Based on the Matrix Isolation Technique, Ab Initio and DFT Calculations(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd., 2023) Arman, C.; Balcı, K.; Akkaya, Y.; AKYÜZ, SEVİM; Reaves-Mckee, T.; Frankamp, AH; Coates, JT; Collier, WB; Ritzhaupt, G.; Klehm, CE; Desman, P.In this study, stable conformers of flutamide referred to as an anticancer drug were searched through a relaxed potential energy surface scan carried out at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. This was followed by geometry optimization and thermochemistry calculations performed with the HF-SCF, MP2, B3LYP methods and the 6-31G (d), 6-311++G(d,p), aug-cc-pvTZ basis sets for each of the determined minimum energy conformers. The results revealed that flutamide has at least five stable conformers and two of them provide the major contribution to the observed matrix isolation infrared (IR) spectra of the molecule. The effects of conformational variety and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions on the observed IR spectra of flutamide were interpreted in the light of the vibrational spectral data obtained for the most stable monomer and dimer forms of the molecule at the same levels of theory. Pulay's "Scaled Quantum Mechanical-Force Field (SQM-FF)" method was used in the refinement of the calculated harmonic wavenumbers, IR intensities and potential energy distributions. This scaling method which proved its superiority to both anharmonic frequency calculations and other scaling methods helped us to correctly interpret the remarkable differences between the matrix IR spectra of flutamide in argon and the condensed phase IR spectra of the molecule in solvents such as KBr, H2O, D2O, ethanol and methanol.Publication Embargo Counterpoise correction on the geometries and vibrational frequencies of acetazolamide dimers(Asian Journal Of Chemistry, 11/100 Rajendra Nagar, Sector 3,, Sahibabad 201 005, Ghaziabad, India, 2013-10) Özel, Ayşen; Kecel Gündüz, Serda; Çelik, Sefa; AKYÜZ, SEVİM; 110745; 110526; 110147; 10127Acetazolamide (m.f. C4H6N4O3S2) (N-(5-sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) acetamide), is a sulfonamide derivative and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It is often used in the treatment of various diseases. In this study, the effect of the counterpoise correction of the basis set superposition errors (BSSE) on the geometries, interaction energies and vibrational wavenumbers of four more stable acetazolamide dimers have been analyzed at the DFT/B3LYP level of theory, using 6-31++ G(d,p) basis set. The difference in the basis set superposition error corrected (-72.39 kj/mol) and uncorrected (-77.72 kj/mol) interaction energy of the most stable acetazolamide dimer (dimer I) indicates the magnitude of error caused due to the basis set superposition. The counterpoise correction increases the H-bond distance and decreases the wavenumbers of the intermolecular modes compared to the results of calculations without the basis set superposition error-correction.Publication Embargo Structural and Vibrational Study on Monomer and Dimer Forms and Water Clusters of Acetazolamide(Hindawi Ltd, Adam House, 3Rd Flr, 1 Fitzroy Sq, London, W1T 5Hf, England, 2013) Özel, Ayşen; Kecel Gündüz, Serda; Çelik, Sefa; AKYÜZ, SEVİM; 110745; 110526; 110147; 10127Experimental IR and Raman spectra of solid acetazolamide have been analysed by computing the molecular structures and vibrational spectra of monomer and dimer forms and water clusters of acetazolamide. The possible stable conformers of free acetazolamide molecule in the ground state were obtained by scanning the potential energy surface through the dihedral angles, D 1 (1S-2C-6S-9N), D-2 (4N-5C-12N-14C), and D-3 (5C-12N-14C-16C). The final geometry parameters for the obtained stable conformers were determined bymeans of geometry optimization, carried out atDFT/B3LYP/6-31G++(d, p) theory level. Afterwards the possible dimer forms of the molecule and acetazolamide-H2O clusters were formed and their energetically preferred conformations were investigated using the same method and the same level of theory. The effect of BSSE on the structure and energy of acetazolamide dimer has been investigated. The assignment of the vibrational modes was performed based on the potential energy distribution of the vibrational modes, calculated by using GAR2PED program. The experimental vibrational wavenumbers of solid acetazolamide are found to be in better agreement with the calculated wavenumbers of dimer form of acetazolamide than those of its monomeric form. NBO analysis has been performed on both monomer and dimer geometries.Publication Restricted Structural and Vibrational Investigations and Molecular Docking Studies of a Vinca Alkoloid, Vinorelbine(Taylor & Francis Inc., 2022) Çelik, Sefa; AKYÜZ, SEVİM; Özel, Ayşen E.Vinorelbine, a vinca alkaloid, is an antimitotic drug that inhibits polymerisation process of tubulins to microtubules, and is widely used in cancer chemotherapy. Due to the importance of the structure-activity relationship, in this work the conformational preferences of the vinorelbine molecule were surched by PM3 method. The obtained lowest energy conformer was then optimized at DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory and the structural characteristics were determined. Frontier orbital (HOMO, LUMO) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses were performed for the optimized structure. The experimental FT-IR, Raman and UV-VIS spectral data of vinorelbine along with the theoretical DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) calculations were investigated in detail. The vibrational wavenumbers were assigned based on the calculated potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes. To shed light into the anticancer property of vinorelbine as microtubule destabilizer, the most favourable binding mode and the interaction details between vinorelbine and tubulin were revealed by molecular docking studies of vinorelbine into the alpha,beta-tubulin (PDB IDs: 4O2B; 1SA0; 7CNN) and binding free energies were calculated by the combination of Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) and Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) methods {MM/PB(GB)SA}. The calculated vinorelbine-7CNN binding free energy, using by MM/PB(GB)SA approach, was found to be the best (-50.39 kcal/mol), and followed by vinorelbine-4O2B (-28.5 kcal/mol) and vinorelbine-1SA0 (-17.59 kcal/mol) systems. Moreover, the interaction of vinorelbine with the cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP), which are known to help in the metabolism of many drugs in the body, was investigated by docking studies against CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 targets. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma